Twentieth century, researches on the
1913 Yuan Wang Guowei, the study of literature and art Yuan century studies, and few have said, who lost more than the above. words may not be in the orifices, proposed not thrown a wrench, unauthorized state observations, the original just to progress the way, fellow, or can understand.
involved in the topic before first to make a few instructions. This so-called The discussion also drama-based, strategic, and Verse. The points of this article, Review of Yuan
20 century can be roughly divided into three stages: before the founding of the Yuan Dynasty research can be used as the first stage, 50's to 60's for the second stage. can be both. The third stage is the late date of 70.
Yuan of the first two stages are common in many areas. This is mainly because most of these two stages, researchers have begun in the Republic of China Their work, and ten years after the founding of their research work is a continuation and extension. their research findings published after the founding of many available, but the fundamental work has been started or completed before the founding, as Zhenduo, Zhao Jing, Sun Kai first, Wang Jisi, Fu Hua, etc. This is the case unfortunately.
the first two stages of the study focused on many of the life of Yuan Dynasty, the work ability of Textual and Textual themes in terms of Yuan art system The study is also very important aspect. scholars have used research method is to Wang Guowei, BOOKS COLLATION AND STUDIES Law Aoki are children, efforts of a generation of scholars, Yuan literature collection, clean-up work has been completed. Mr. Zheng Zhenduo in the drama of the collection, sorting out the ground force, the credit's most famous .1938, he accidentally discovered in Shanghai, Ancient and Modern Drama Biography of the more a great convenience. Mr. Zhao Jingshen from 30 years since the Yuan Dynasty COLLECTIONS that is committed to the work, compiled in 1935, Editing clean-up has been basically see completed.
the first two phases, Yuan Yuan play word plays Textual interpretation and have also made important achievements. The former has Xu Jiarui Department of interpretation other.
All of the above study for the later work laid a solid foundation, and some research is still a formidable classical literature. We could expect a higher level of Yuan to enter the stage, but later march of history can not help but leave a number of shortcomings. Today, when we recall made by senior scholars, a variety of arduous pioneering work, can not wear a deep sense of nostalgia for those already deceased pioneers!
Yuan Republic of China Although early research and 60 years of continuity in many respects, but the establishment of the Republic, after all, so there have been some of Yuan important turning point .1954 on turning mark. This monograph shows characteristics of a new era is the work of Marxist theory and methods to re-understand, evaluate our commitment has always been one of the literary and artistic .1957 years, Mr. Zhou Yibai's After a reader in the writing, which is later published the , works ideological significance and social value from the excavation became the most important aspects of Yuan. in a very difficult to go on.
when caught in the mainland of Yuan interrupted, researchers in Taiwan's Yuan Cheng Qian, Zhang Jing, Wang Jingchang other from the mainland to Taiwan, adhere to several scholars and cited bands, basically maintain the continuity of academic research. Like Zheng Qian, , stringent for.
the second phase of the mainland of Yuan, the most important event in 1958 we Yuan Guan Hanqing pushed by the World Peace Council as a world cultural celebrities. This year, throughout the country different forms of commemoration at the national newspapers published in papers no less than one hundred kinds of Guan Hanqing [2] (P99) .1958-year commemoration of Guan Hanqing, direct social effect is enhanced in our literary history of Yuan Dynasty the position, after the founding of the formation of the first climax of Yuan, the Yuan for the third phase of research attracted a group of researchers. has not been interrupted before the of Yuan, Guan Hanqing, works of other writers have been more in-depth research.
the first two phases based on the accumulation of knowledge, the third stage of Yuan both the breadth and depth of the new expansion. Yuan particularly significant results of the research only from 1978 to 1994 16 years, the nation's major newspapers published in various papers about one thousand, the figure is 17 years after the founding of three times before [3] (P317). According to the author to rough statistics, the late 70 Yuan has published nearly 30 research monographs (which does not include various types of opera works of general history and literary history), this figure is poetry, literature, words, enabling the body of literature and other difficult to match in the late .80 , the reasons for the rise and fall around the Yuan Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty in the history of stage, Guan Hanqing's Health equality, of Yuan showing a free academic atmosphere contend, after the founding of Yuan to form a second climax. this stage The research method is used in the previous stage has begun to trial the social and historical criticism, textual history, the method also be promoted again. We Yuan grasp of historical content for the in-depth than the first two, the text is no longer a separate study The existence of social history, or limited to the few words of sentiment appreciation, literature behind the phenomenon reveals the regularity and universality.
with the first two stages of the study compared to the third stage of the Opera is no longer limited to the literary side of , Opera's stage performances, music, theater and other factors also become the object of study, Zhang Geng, Guo Seoul, editor of the History , from the Yuan Dynasty in the study of unidirectional and plane. At this stage, has been left out of the Yuan Dynasty began to receive attention .1990, the Chinese Verse Studies was established In 1991 in Shijiazhuang, Hebei, Jiangsu Yangzhou Verse held the first cross-strait seminar attracted researchers Yuan of Taiwan. Mainland China also emerged as CONSERVATORY Verse monograph.
Zhuang Yifu published at this stage, ), Wang Ying, compared to previous similar works, are to varying degrees reflect the characteristics of fine after the switch. Wang Jisi, Mongolian Language, Xu Qin Yuan Chun in the literature and other scholars have done a lot of work order.
entered since the 90s, the Yuan papers on the lights, nor in the number of and the tireless efforts of researchers, has been steady in the road. Ming and Qing Dynasty legend began to be favored by the younger generation of researchers, since the late 80s, enough to attract people to some of the attention. to maintain the situation of Yuan is still deserted in the last group of elderly
scholars, like on We finished, Road to make it? With the end of the 20th century, are we while the military's do not mind Yuan regrets? researchers have perhaps got lost in thought, to seek progress in the future. Among these, the conversion of research ideas may be important. I thought-this despite the long, thought it was not the end, I would like representations of the thinking, of those who teach in the Fang.
one Discussion: speak a little reduction?
reduction, the most important respect the historical facts, less subjective preconceived notions and arbitrary interpretation, as objectively as possible the face of historical material, approached the ancients to explain the ancients. Yuan Dynasty and the understanding of Guan Hanqing, the evaluation is that there is a history of kinds of Yuan Dynasty it?
Yuan performing system is a prominent feature of that although this form is not conducive to the performance of Dou sing four divertimento play. But the existing Yuan Dynasty, there were also the lead singer of the species (about one-third of the total drama), of which three of the 16 play, play four of the two (ie People Xue Rengui no singing, play the courtier is the end of the first dark Du sang the first set, then play the second set of Xue Rengui father sing, sing Wo Zai Ban the third set of pull, and finally the fourth play Xue Rengui father sing. One of the plays in which they play characters is not necessarily the main characters in the story or drama central figure. Another example is the Water Margin Play opportunities of the problem while filling an insignificant figure in the story are minor official m mountain LI Qian Li Jiao hole mesh Cantata four wives. This approach is difficult to understand the modern dramatist, and this is also the Yuan Dynasty in the existing no accident . Is the Yuan Dynasty off divertimento and story telling is not the appropriate situation. divertimento of course, a narrative feature, but Quben suitable lyric, song cycle for a certain mood or state of mind more the description, meta narrative drama of the story is actually done mainly by the white guests, The divertimento is often divorced from outside the narrative. Wu Mei, , the start does not capture issues that must be forty-five, the had just said. . Point purple lip] A total of 13 songs, but the first seven songs and nothing to the topic. of the Qing Liang nan therefore be subject to criticism ①. Yuan Dynasty, and even a full set of music from the story to see is optional. as push Paul Cheng G raving How proud UGC rise of Chlamys sputum Gui Wang Yu-playing monkey saddle the proof is the pavilion Ding 4 tailed bird guide Post Yu-chu call サ kitchen steep ridge interpretation Ang Ping appropriate filter basket for trapping fish mash roundworm Eris Court milk Cloud Lv Ying anxious ⒑ injury Wolf rafter teach makeup Eris testis inflammation obstinate fool Oh flowing of water swelling condyle Suwa teach the word shade stick pretty thirsty wish to teach the word T cord injury milk G Ren Ao hilly ridge pen purple spectrum downtown skid sole owner of milk Cloud mad so quiet hilly southern rock fat source text G M hog side scold favorite non-II bandit bear skeleton lying bound in a league tyrants fear Ho Huai-Jing Tan 4 bath silly shake yo than malaria Song Jue Chuang ⒅ ハ sigh release rope to catch insect Siegesbeckiae smoke! Qi 5] (P121) per show Sekime clumsy more important reason is the dramatic story would be dependent, subservient to divertimento, br> look yuan drama sense of the rise and fall. more emphasis on the Yuan Dynasty's Autumn in Palace is the former Africa, that Hanqing was a into a drama, but I do not necessarily have a clear Guan Hanqing's creation is, trying to take advantage this has been song (the song that drifted away from the story and therefore outside). In my opinion, Guan Hanqing always the (P120).
from the actual situation, the Yuan Dynasty's kind of used on the Southern drama, romance, the possibility of the Yuan Dynasty is the square tenon gouge it? Wang Guowei, Wang's genius is that he is not in doing it for the solutions of the Yuan Dynasty, whom music solution, Emphasis added by the author) to an ideal. but speaking a little reduction, respect history Guan Hanqing, should be a valuable pursuit. > Discussion of the two: a little heavier in the form of
Yuan from the tedious research But of Yuan, the form of research is particularly important at times, it is often thought of starting point and the premise of logical argument. And now, we are certain problems in the form of Yuan is still not clear. such as the Yuan Dynasty Spoken. from Zang Mao followed, such as Wang Jide to Li Yu Yuan Drama Spoken say is a Wang Guowei began, the popular view is: Bin Guan Hanqing should be white, because Does this mean that some drama is incomplete or missing Spoken Spoken? If the element with the printed edition of a Yuan Dynasty, Ming Ming manuscripts and printed edition for comparison, we can easily find the Spoken often very different. This difference come from? possible until the Ming Dynasty Jiajing, Guan Hanqing's hands. Meizu Lin Yuan and Ming under Mr. linguistic phenomenon among the four Guan Hanqing White is mainly out? stumble Inspector blames bad fortune against the hospital are significantly less flexible harness Am Xu 8] (P111-153). I believe that the writer only for divertimento Yuan without Spoken is not impossible that in such Guan Hanqing Early drama writers may even be a universal phenomenon. other like wedges, divertimento before understand their origin in the absence of prior research directly into the ideology is very dangerous. Mr. Chen Zhongfan early years, the author pointed out that Ying twelve lyrics, or a detail like a class to analyze, demonstrate Opera in the form of things, more often a hard layer of shell material, such as the Yuan's temperament, only worn it a shell, we can hope to gain a deep understanding of the object. Modern music guru and Wu Mei The doors were created by disciples of the significance of the study of music is here. Pujiang Mr. Ching was the case for evaluation of Wu Mei:
Modern Drama for a subject, most researchers and Wu both push Mr. Wang Jingan . Mr. Jing historical research, the opening of the first road opera history; but research in the opera itself, but when pushed Qu Ki only solution. [4] (Wang Weimin Introduction)
Basically, this evaluation also received academic community identity. But the drama of modern times, including of Yuan, it can be said mainly in Wang Guowei, background, look at the Yuan Dynasty, understanding Guan Hanqing. Compared with the study of Wang Guowei, Wu Mei of Yuan is still very much a traditional compilation Quben, the revised scores, summed melody sound trial the discretion of the text. But as pointed out by Mr Qing River, the Wu Mei Qu study is the real Yuan has a deep sentiment. on the Yuan Dynasty, the creation of the center in music, music performance center also. If we advocate Wu Mei, the sublime, appreciate the intentions of Yuan Dynasty, is impossible. all the macro made of high theory, is likely to be nowhere near enough.
compared with the ideological content of the study, seemed cold and ruthless form of research, away from the value systems and functional systems . We have no reason to hide it in the form of the stacks of paper, Yuan refused to elucidate the significance of the contemporary society. However, this form of research is an integral part of Yuan in the past for a long period of time, almost caught in the normal form of interrupt, and the resulting problems are sobering enough, it is necessary to catch some sections.
Discussion of the three: a little more vertical and horizontal upper and lower
According to the usual understanding, the former a there are sets, and the drama of a break come first. but drama to speak for things, but what ploidy Zeyi Autobiography is, This is so different too. ; cycle of songs Many of divertimento with the role they and the Spoken Drama is no different. Verse Drama and the distance is as far away as we think? Drama studies, Verse of the two points is clearly not conducive to a deeper understanding of our Yuan.
Wang Guowei, Zhu Zaju stew ongoing creation, nature shall be vested in the Yuan is now faced with the basic materials are the Yuan Dynasty created the may reflect some drama for the creation of the Textual Mr. made some work, for Drama and veins look stew Opera House transcript long neglected, of course, there are historical reasons. The former comes from the hands of nobility, which stained the color of imperial family.
80 years since the opera drama of cultural studies to become an important branch, event. However, the Opera Institute of Cultural Relics has not made significant achievements in the same period or later reflected in drama studies. Some researchers are accustomed to thinking along the logic of the existing Mercedes-Benz, but not ignorant of the paper and on the ground. performance systems such as the Yuan Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty in the flow distribution problems, if neglected heritage of opera and go straight to the conclusion is very dangerous.
Since modern times, ; acclaimed, of Yuan (mainly the Yuan Dynasty) Shifengqishi. Since the founding of great importance to the In the elegant and popular privileges, Yuan seem to close in the song really belongs to were there, words, music studies have not been split. Mr. Zhao Shanlin of gold words, Evolution and the study of Yuan [10] (P181, etc.), or broaden our horizons.
of Yuan is not limited to in the Yuan Dynasty, just by virtue of today even more cramped. more vertical and horizontal up and down, it is necessary.
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